Net optical gain at 1.53 µm in an Er-doped Al2O3 waveguide amplifier on silicon
Planar waveguide amplifiers are one of the key components of integrated optic devices. The integration of amplifiers together with other optical components such as splitters, couplers, and wavelength division multiplexers, enables many optical functions to work together on a single chip without optical losses. Erbium is used as an optically active element in waveguide amplifiers because of its intra-4